{"id":18,"date":"2026-06-29T11:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T11:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/?p=18"},"modified":"2026-07-08T10:47:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T10:47:59","slug":"frist-vs-termin-a-nemet-pontossag-jogi-alapjai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/?p=18","title":{"rendered":"Frist vs. Termin \u2013 A n\u00e9met pontoss\u00e1g jogi alapjai"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A n\u00e9met \u00fczleti kult\u00far\u00e1r\u00f3l mindenkinek a precizit\u00e1s jut esz\u00e9be, de jog\u00e1szk\u00e9nt tudjuk: a pontoss\u00e1g nem csup\u00e1n udvariass\u00e1g, hanem k\u0151kem\u00e9ny joghat\u00e1sokkal j\u00e1r\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g. Sz\u00f3csapd\u00e1kr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 sorozatom k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9ben a n\u00e9met jogban ismeretes <strong>hat\u00e1rid\u0151k<\/strong> \u00e9s <strong>hat\u00e1rnapok<\/strong> elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t c\u00e9lzom meg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00edg a magyar szaknyelvben n\u00e9ha hajlamosak vagyunk \u00f6sszemosni a kett\u0151t, a n\u00e9met jogrendszerben a <em>Frist<\/em> \u00e9s a <em>Termin<\/em> k\u00e9t teljesen elt\u00e9r\u0151 entit\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Frist (Hat\u00e1rid\u0151) \u2013 Az id\u0151intervallum<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>Frist<\/strong> egy meghat\u00e1rozott id\u0151tartam (napokban, hetekben vagy h\u00f3napokban kifejezve), amelyen bel\u00fcl egy adott cselekm\u00e9nyt el kell v\u00e9gezni. Ez nem egy pont a napt\u00e1rban, hanem egy \u201efolyos\u00f3\u201d, aminek van kezdete \u00e9s v\u00e9ge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u00e9ld\u00e1k:<\/strong> <em>K\u00fcndigungsfrist<\/em> (felmond\u00e1si id\u0151), <em>Zahlungsfrist<\/em> (fizet\u00e9si hat\u00e1rid\u0151).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Joghat\u00e1s:<\/strong> A hat\u00e1rid\u0151 utols\u00f3 napj\u00e1nak eltelte (mulaszt\u00e1s) jogveszt\u00e9ssel vagy s\u00falyos k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9gszeg\u00e9ssel j\u00e1rhat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1s m\u00f3dja:<\/strong> A hat\u00e1rid\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t a n\u00e9met polg\u00e1ri t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv (BGB 186\u2013193. \u00a7) pontosan szab\u00e1lyozza. Nem mindegy, mikor kezd\u0151dik a ketyeg\u00e9s, \u00e9s mi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, ha az utols\u00f3 nap h\u00e9tv\u00e9g\u00e9re vagy munkasz\u00fcneti napra esik!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Termin (Hat\u00e1rnap \/ Id\u0151pont) \u2013 A fix pont<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>Termin<\/strong> egy konkr\u00e9t napt\u00e1ri nap \u2013 \u00e9s gyakran \u00f3ra, perc \u2013, amikor valaminek meg kell t\u00f6rt\u00e9nnie. Itt nincs \u201eid\u0151tartam\u201d, csak a kijel\u00f6lt id\u0151pont sz\u00e1m\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u00e9ld\u00e1k:<\/strong> <em>Verhandlungstermin<\/em> (t\u00e1rgyal\u00e1si nap), <em>Liefertermin<\/em> (sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1si id\u0151pont).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Joghat\u00e1s:<\/strong> A k\u00e9s\u00e9s itt nem egy folyamat v\u00e9ge, hanem egy fix pont elmulaszt\u00e1sa, ami azonnali jogk\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeket (pl. k\u00e9sedelmet vagy mulaszt\u00e1si \u00edt\u00e9letet) vonhat maga ut\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Van-e vissza\u00fat?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jog\u00e1szk\u00e9nt a legfontosabb k\u00e9rd\u00e9s mindig az: ha lemaradtunk, orvosolhat\u00f3-e a hiba? Itt v\u00e1lik izgalmass\u00e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A) Elj\u00e1r\u00e1sjogi hat\u00e1rid\u0151\/id\u0151pont<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ha egy b\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1gi hat\u00e1rnapot (<em>Termin<\/em>) vagy elj\u00e1r\u00e1si hat\u00e1rid\u0151t (<em>Frist<\/em>) mulasztasz el \u00f6nhib\u00e1don k\u00edv\u00fcl, l\u00e9tezik ment\u0151\u00f6v: ez a <em>Wiedereinsetzung in den vorigen Stand (<\/em>igazol\u00e1si k\u00e9relem \/ a kor\u00e1bbi \u00e1llapot helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa). Ha igazolni tudod, hogy rajtad k\u00edv\u00fcl \u00e1ll\u00f3 ok miatt k\u00e9st\u00e9l, a jog lehet\u0151s\u00e9get ad a korrekci\u00f3ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>B) Anyagi jogi hat\u00e1rid\u0151 (Ausschlussfrist)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ha egy anyagi jogi hat\u00e1rid\u0151 \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul egy szerz\u0151d\u00e9sben kik\u00f6t\u00f6tt <strong>jogveszt\u0151 hat\u00e1rid\u0151<\/strong> \u2013 telik el, a jog\u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00edt\u00e9s lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge v\u00e9gleg eleny\u00e9szhet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A n\u00e9met \u00fczleti kult\u00far\u00e1r\u00f3l mindenkinek a precizit\u00e1s jut esz\u00e9be, de jog\u00e1szk\u00e9nt tudjuk: a pontoss\u00e1g nem csup\u00e1n udvariass\u00e1g, hanem k\u0151kem\u00e9ny joghat\u00e1sokkal j\u00e1r\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jogi-szocsapdak"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18\/revisions\/53"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/juristisch.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}